Real Time Operating Systems

Real Time Operating System or RTOS is an operating system that is used to perform time-bound tasks. Unlike a GPOS (General Purpose Operating System), if a hard-real time OS is delayed, it can have catastrophic effects.
In order to get into RTOS, one must be aware of the OS fundamentals:- kernel, task scheduling, threads, multi-threading and multi-processing, priority, mutexes, semaphores, data passing, etc.
Bare-metal programming can be done in cases where number of tasks are limited and project is simple.
RTOS is designed in a way that it assigns a priority to each task so that it is executed in a deterministic manner.
RTOSs are categorized as hard-real time operating systems and soft-real time operating systems. When the penalty of a deadline miss is high, that system is a hard-real time operating system. For example, an airbag in a car. Any latency can be fatal in this case.
I will add pages explaining each concept in a simpler manner.